Yapahuwa rock fortress Srilanka

Beginning of the fortress

"Yapahuwa" served as the capital of Sri Lanka in ancient times, taking over from Polonnaruwa after King Buwanekabahu relocated there with the Sacred Tooth Relic of Lord Buddha, following the invasion by the Pandyans. However, after another incursion by the Pandyans, the king abandoned Yapahuwa, which later became a refuge for Buddhist monks. This site also briefly housed the sacred relic.

Yapahuwa is characterized by a prominent rock and a palace complex located in the northwestern province of Mahawa, positioned midway between Kurunegala and Anuradhapura. Standing approximately 780 feet high, this kingdom was constructed by King Buwanekabahu in 1273 A.D. The rock is set against a captivating backdrop, making it difficult for enemies to access.

The defenses include a sturdy brick wall and a moat, providing significant protection. Invaders would have to contend with both crocodiles and the soldiers stationed behind the wall.

At the base of the rock, there is a meticulously crafted staircase and wooden carvings demonstrating high-quality artistry. At the summit, visitors can find ponds, caves adorned with art, and the ruins of temples. Legends suggest that during the era of Indian invasions, the Sacred Tooth Relic of Buddha was hidden here. According to folklore, building this kingdom required the efforts of 20000 skilled rock carvers, 4,000 laborers, and 300 artists.

Yapahuwa is especially renowned for its intricate rock carvings, with the "Yapahuwa Lion" becoming a world-famous symbol. Remarkably, the sharpness of these carvings has endured through the centuries.

Carving of the Lion

At the top of the rock there ruins of ancient buildings,caves, wall arts and ponds