Botanical gardens Peradeniya Srilanka

The Royal Botanical Garden in Sri Lanka is a must-visit destination nestled in Peradeniya, Kandy, right in the heart of the country. Just 5.5 km from Kandy town and alongside the majestic "Mahaweli" River, this garden boasts an incredible collection of over 4,000 species of flora and fauna, making it particularly famous for its stunning orchids.

Each year, it attracts thousands of visitors, both local and international, serving as a significant source of income for the Sri Lankan government.

The history of the Botanic Gardens dates back to 1371, when King Wickramabahu III ruled from Peradeniya near the Mahaweli River. Following him were King "Kirti Sri" and King "Rajadhi Rajasinghe". Originally, a temple was erected on the site by King "Wimala Dharma" but the British destroyed it upon taking control of the Kingdom of Kandy.

In 1821, "Alexandar Moon" laid the foundation for what would become a botanical garden, primarily cultivating coffee and cinnamon plants. Officially established in 1843, the Peradeniya Botanical Garden saw plants transported from Kew Garden, Slave Island in Colombo, and the Kalutara Garden. Under the supervision of George Gardner in 1844, the garden began to flourish and gain independence. After Gardner’s passing in 1849, "George Henry Kendrick Thwaites" took over until 1879, followed by "Henry Trimen" until 1895 and then John Christopher Willis from 1898 to 1912.

In 1912, the garden came under the management of the Department of Agriculture, further enhancing its appeal. Visitors can stroll through various picturesque avenues, such as Cook's Pine Avenue, Palmyra Palm Avenue, Double Coconut Avenue, Cabbage Palm Avenue, and Royal Palm Avenue. A highlight of the garden is the classical Avenue of Palms. Notably, there’s the Cannonball Tree that was planted by King George V of the United Kingdom and Queen Mary in 1901, often adorned with fruit resembling cannonballs.

The Botanic Garden also played a pivotal role during World War II, serving as the headquarters for Lord Louis Mountbatten, the supreme commander of the Allied forces in South Asia. Additionally, it featured in the 1957 film "The Bridge on the River Kwai," making it a notable spot for both nature lovers and movie buffs alike.

Don't miss the chance to experience the beauty and history of the Royal Botanical Garden when you visit Sri Lanka!